Small and medium-sized enterprises are often targets for hackers due to their missing or limited security measures. However, most attacks don't require a large IT department to prevent. In this article, we'll show you simple, effective measures to protect your data.
Why are SMEs particularly vulnerable?
As mentioned, hackers assume that SMEs cannot dedicate the same resources to IT security as large corporations, making them popular targets. Typical threats include:
- Phishing attacks: Fraudulent emails that trick employees into clicking harmful links.
- Ransomware: Malware that encrypts your data and only releases it after paying a ransom.
- IT vulnerabilities: Outdated software and insecure passwords are easy targets for hackers.
The good news: You can protect your company with simple measures – without expensive IT specialists.
7 Simple Measures for Better Cybersecurity in Your Company
1. Secure Passwords & Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA)
The problem: Many use weak or reused passwords.
The solution:
- Use strong passwords with at least 12 characters.
- Use a password manager to securely store passwords (e.g., Bitwarden, 1Password, Dashlane, or NordPass).
- Enable Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) for emails, cloud services, and other important accounts.
2. Regular Software Updates
The problem: Outdated software often contains known security vulnerabilities.
The solution:
- Enable automatic updates for operating systems, browsers, and programs.
- Ensure plugins and add-ons are up to date.
- Use a modern antivirus program that updates regularly.
3. Employee Training Against Cyber Attacks
The problem: 90% of cyber attacks start with human error.
The solution:
- Regularly train your employees in IT security.
- Explain how to identify phishing emails (e.g., suspicious links & senders).
- Encourage employees to report suspicious emails immediately.
Tip: There are online tools that offer phishing simulations to practice identifying fraud attempts. There's also SAT (Security Awareness Training), which is suitable for SMEs.
4. Secure WLAN & Network
The problem: Insecure WLAN networks are a popular attack point.
The solution:
- Use a strong WLAN password and WPA3 encryption.
- Separate guest network from company network.
- Disable remote access capabilities when not needed.
5. Regular Backups & Cyber Protection
The problem: Data loss through ransomware or system failures.
The solution:
- Use the 3-2-1 backup rule:
3 copies of your data
2 different storage locations
1 copy offline (e.g., external hard drive)
- Regularly test if backups actually work.
- Use encrypted cloud backup services for extra protection.
6. Restrict Access Rights
The problem: When every employee has access to all data, attacks can cause more damage.
The solution:
- Forget the "everyone can access everything" principle. Use the need-to-know principle.
- Assign different access rights based on role in the company.
- Immediately deactivate old accounts of former employees.
7. Create an Emergency Plan
The problem: Many companies don't have a plan for emergencies.
The solution:
- Create a checklist for IT emergencies (e.g., ransomware attack).
- Define who needs to do what in case of a cyber attack.
- Keep important contacts ready (IT service providers, legal advisors, banks).
Important: Make sure to print your emergency plan, as it's useless when encrypted.
Tip: Test the emergency plan regularly – so everyone knows what to do in an emergency.
More practical tips and recommendations on cybersecurity for SMEs can be found directly at the National Center for Cyber Security (NCSC).
Conclusion
Even without a large IT department, you can effectively protect your company from cyber attacks with simple measures. Regular updates, strong passwords, trained employees, and reliable backups are the key to security.
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